The simulation of turbulent flows using CFD methods has progressed rapidly over the last decades and has given rise to significant changes in the design processes of many areas of fluid mechanics. However, despite over a century of research, the modelling of turbulence and transition in industrial relevant configurations is still far from being achieved successfully. With the advent and growing availability of large scale computing power and facilities, a new area of turbulence research is opening with the ability to perform reliable high-fidelity large-eddy simulations (LES) and direct numerical simulations (DNS) for industrial relevant flow configurations.